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System design
Real-Time Gaming Leaderboard
Ranking infrastructure for online games — Redis sorted sets, deterministic tie-breaking, idempotent score ingestion, live rank-change delivery, sharded exact-rank trade-offs, and season rollover.
RequirementsInitial designScaleBottleneckTrade-offEvolutionFinal architecture
0/6 completeComplete Design
Reference & theory
The full system design reference — requirements, scale estimation, data model, architecture evolution, and every engineering decision explained in depth.
Visual Design Journey
Visual deep-dive
An immersive narrated experience. Watch the architecture emerge as traffic increases, bottlenecks appear, and decisions are made — one beat at a time.
Go deeper
Architecture Deep Dive
Go deeper into each major component: how matching works, how location is stored, how Redis and Kafka are used, and what happens under the hood.
Trade-offs & Decisions
Every significant architectural decision revisited — PostgreSQL vs NoSQL, polling vs WebSocket, sync vs async — with alternatives and reasoning.
Failure & Scale Scenarios
Explore what happens when traffic spikes 10x, Redis goes down, Kafka becomes unavailable, or a cascading failure propagates through the system.
Interview Perspective
How to present this design in an interview — what to clarify, what to estimate, how to structure, and how to respond when the interviewer pushes back.